Твір з англійської:Theatres, music halls and cinemas/Театри, концертні зали і кінотеатри

Theatres are very much the same in London as anywhere else;the chief theatres, music halls and cinemas are in the West End.If you are staying in London for a few days, you'll have nodifficulty whatsoever in finding somewhere to spend an enjoyableevening. You'll find opera, ballet, comedy, drama, revue, musicalcomedy and variety. Films are shown in the cinemas most of the day.The best seats in theatres are those in the stalls, thecircle and the upper circle. Then comes the pit, and the last ofall the gallery where the seats are cheapest. Boxes, of course,are the most expensive. Most theatres and music halls have goodorchestras with popular conductors.You ought to make a point of going to the opera at leastonce during the season if you can. There you can get the best ofeverything - an exellent orchestras, famous conductors, celebatedsingers and well dressed audience. But, of course, if you are notfond of music and singing, won't interest you.At the West End theatres you can see most of the famous English actors and actresses. As a rule, the plays aremagnificently staged - costumes, dresses, scenery, everythingbeing done of the most lavish scale. Choose a good play, andyou'll enjoy yourself thoroughly from the moment the curtain goesup to the end of the last act. Get your seats beforehand, eitherat the box-office of theatre itself or at one of the agencies.When you go to a theatre, you'll probably want to seat as near tothe stage as possible. But if you are at the cinema, you mayprefer to seat some distance from the screen. In fact, I wouldsay, the further away the better.

ПЕРЕКЛАД

Мільйони молодих дівчат у світі страждають від анорексії. Це серйозне психічне захворювання, яке включає в себе умисне голодування і розвивається як розлад харчової поведінки. Воно, в основному, вражає жінок у віці від п'ятнадцяти до тридцяти п'яти років. Тисячі дівчаток-підлітків помирають від анорексії щороку. Все починається з мрії стати моделлю. Вони хочуть бути стрункими і красивими, як моделі на обкладинці глянцевих журналів. Часто це бажання схуднути перетворюється в одержимість. Жінки починають слідувати різним дієтам, тренуватися, робити все можливе, щоб схуднути. Це може призвести до розладів харчової поведінки і до інших пов'язаних з цим проблем. Як відомо, їжа дійсно важлива в нашому житті. Це одна з основних складових людського способу життя. Ми повинні їсти, щоб заряджатися енергією і залишатися здоровими. Ось чому відсутність їжі призводить до таких проблем. Виявити сліди анорексії на ранніх стадіях нелегко. Однак коли жінка помітила її розвиток, вона повинна спробувати визначити джерело проблеми якомога швидше. Анорексія може початися з почуття високої самооцінки, а закінчитися в лікарняній палаті. У гірших випадках це потенційно смертельне захворювання. Причини анорексії можуть бути різними. У кожному разі, це певні психологічні проблеми, які можуть бути пов'язані з сімейною або соціальним життям, з особистими відносинами. Ті, у кого є нав'язливі риси чи висока тривожність, піддаються більшому ризику. При виявленні на ранніх стадіях анорексію можна запобігти, але на більш глибоких стадіях досить складно врятувати людину. Іноді люди, які госпіталізовані, змушені їсти через спеціальну трубку. Зрештою, це жахлива хвороба, яка потребує низки психотерапевтичних методів лікування. Чим раніше жінка усвідомлює свою проблему, тим краще. 

Повністю

Твір з англійської:Theatre/театр

We go to the theatre to see a play, that is to say, a performance given by actors and actresses. A play of a serious character, dealing with important human problems is called a tragedy. A play of a humorous, lighter character is a comedy (or a farce). Dramatists are called playwrights nowadays and there are no longer such great dramatists as Shakespeare or G. B. Show.

If we want to go to a theatre we buy tickets at the box-office and show them to the attendant at the entrance. In the building there is a hall, a large foyer and a cloak-room where we leave our overcoats, hats, etc. The audience can walk in the foyer in the intervals. Many doors lead to the auditorium consisting of stalls, boxes and balconies. In front of the auditorium there is a curtain separating it from the stage. The curtain rises when the play begins and falls at the end of each act.

Many people must work together to produce a play. The author writes it; the producer conducts the acting; carpenters, mechanics, designers prepare the scenery; electricians and light operators see to the light effects and operate the floodlights. We, the playgoers (or fans) demand an interesting plot, good acting, impressive scenery — that is two hours of good entertainment.

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Твір з англійської:The Renaissance/ренесанс

The Renaissance or the revival of learning was the period then european culture was at it's high. It lasted from the 14'th century till 17'th century, and was coursed by complex economic situation and social conditions. The feudal system was been shuttled by the bourgeoisie, thich was getting stronger and stronger. It was more profitable to unite under a single rouler. Absolute monacy came into being. This lead to the forming of nations and the true sense of the world. New social and economic conditions called for the new ideology, because the catholic dogmas didn't correspond to the new trend of life. For this reason in many european countries the protestant religion spread up and national churches were established.

Instead of the blindness demanded by the catholic then appeared a new outlook which was called humanism. The time demanded positive rational knowledge and this demand was fully met: in astronomy by Copernicus, in philosophy by Tomas More, in geography by Columbus, Vaska de Gama and others. Leonardo de Vinci created a new theory of art: "It was the greatest progressive revolution that mankind have so far experienced, a time, which called for "Giants" and produced Giants in power and thought, passion and character in universality and language."

An example of a typical men of the Renaissance period was: the famous Englishmen sir Walter Raleigh, he was a soldier, sailor, explorer, pirate, coloniser, historian, phylosopher and a poet. He was much interested in science and literature. He wrote works of geography and lead expedition to South America. He was an outstanding poet. His poems are full of profound wisdom, written with great elegance of style. He organised of "academy". Christother Marlowe the greatest dramatist (before Shakespear). But one of the greatest men of this period was sir Thomas More.

Повністю

Твір з англійської:The national theatre of Great Britain/Національний театр Великобританії

It took over the hundred years to establish a national theatrecompany. It's first director in 1962 was Lawrence Olivier. This is thefirst state theatre Britain has ever had. A special building for it wasopened in 1976. It has three theatres in one: "The Oliver theatre", thebiggest is for the main classical repertoire; "The Lyttilton", a bitsmaller is for new writing and for visiting foreigh countries and "TheCottesloe theatre", the smallest is used for experimental writing andproductions. "The Royal Shakespeare company" are devided between thecountry and the capital and it's produces plays mainly by Shakespeareand his contempraries when it performs is "Stratford -on-Avon", andmodern plays in it's two auditoria in the Cities, Barbican centre.

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Твір з англійської:The Irish Music/Ірландський Музика

Ireland is strong and rich in music. The Irish people love to sing, to dance and to make music of all kinds. The harp has always been a very important musical instrument in Ireland. In the wars between the Irish and the English, it was like a national flag for the Irish. In the seventeenth century it became more than that. One very famous harper was O'Carloan. He was born in Westmeath in about 1670. When O'Carloan was about sixteen years old his eyes failed and he became blind. With the help of a kind, rich lady he learned to play the harp. He also wrote poetry and music for the harp. People have saved a lot of his music and harpers still play O'Carloan's beautiful songs.

When they hear the word "nocturne", people usually think of Chopin. Chopin's nocturnes are famous but the first nocturnes came from an Irishman. He was John Field. He was a pupil in London of the great piano player, composer and teacher Clementi. He was one of the really great pianists. We can't hear him today because there were no record of music in his time.

Ireland also has its great pop and rock musicians. A very successful group is U2. It started in Dublin in 1979. U2 is a rock group. It knows the young people of Ireland and the things that they feel and want. They speak for young Irish people but they are famous all over the world.Today there are many Irish musicians. A lot of them are internationally famous, and that is wonderful for a country with only five million people.

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The Hermitage Gallery/Галерея Ермітажу

I'd like to tell you about the Hermitage Gallery, one of the largest and well known museums in the world. Two months ago together with my classmates I was on an excursion in St. Petersburg. I visited many places of interest including the Hermitage Gallery. I was very impressed by this museum of art. It was founded in 1764 by Catherine the Second when she bought 225 pictures in Berlin. Now the Hermitage consists of five buildings.

Now I'd like to tell you about paintings, sculptures and other works of art I've seen in the Hermitage Gallery. A great number of wonderful paintings are offered there. Everyone can find his own favourite paintings, for example the pictures of the world's greatest masters : Michelangelo, Raphael, Rembrandt, Rubens and many others. All great schools of painting are represented there: Italian, Spanish, German etc.

A few words about sculpture. I saw a lot of vases, statues and fountains. The most beautiful thing I have ever seen was the fountain which belonged to Alexander the Second.

Among the other outstanding pieces of art I saw was the coach of Catherine the Second and beautiful gobelens. It took 60 years to make one of these gobelens.

In conclusion, I'd like to stress that no one can see everything during one visit. To enjoy the Hermitage Gallery you must visit it several times.

The State Hermitage in St Petersburg is one of the world's most outstanding art museums. It is the largest fine arts museum in Russia.

Повністю

Твір з англійської:The Hermitage/Ермітаж

One of the world-wide known museums is the Hermitage. The word "Hermitage" means "a place of solitude". This name was given in the XVIII century by Catherine П to her private museum housed in a small building adjacent to the Winter Palace and accessible only to the chosen few.

In the course of time, the Hermitage grew into one of the greatest museums of the world. At the present, the collections take up five interconnected buildings. The museum retains its old name.

The accumulation of artifacts let to the formation of new departments devoted to the culture and art of the Peoples of the East, of the Prehistoric culture, and of the Russian culture. Three other departments are those of Western European art, classical antiquities and numismatics.

One of the rooms that impressed visitor the most is St. George Hall. The interior of the room is considered by experts to be a perfect example of the Classical Style. The room covers about 800 square metres, but does not seem enormous due to perfect proportions. It is decorated in the whitest marble and gilded bronze.The Throne Hall was used for column assemblies. Members of the Tzar's family, when coming of age, took their oaths here.

The Leonardo da Vinci Hall is one of the most gorgeous interiors. The hall is decorated in the style of 17 century French Baroque. The Hermitage possesses two, out of 12 or 14 works surviving from Leonardo.

The Rembrandt collection is one of the most treasured possessions of the museum. It members 24 canvases.

The Malachite Room reflects the style of 1889. The columns, pilasters, and floorlamps are veneered with thin plaques of rich green malachite. About two tons of malachite were used in decoration of the room.

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Твір з англійської:The Best Film I Have Ever Seen – Titanic/Найкращий фільм, який я коли-небудь бачив - Титанік

As you know, the 3-hour-14-minute film "Titanic" is no mere disaster movie. It's an epic love story about a 17-year-old American aristocrat who is betrothed to a rich and hateful suitor but falls in love with a free-spirited artist, who won his third-class passage in a card game. It's "Romeo and Juliet" on a sinking ship and has become an international sensation.

"Titanic" is also a movie about money and its evils. With fine irony, Cameron has spent more dollars than any other filmmaker to make a film that denounces the rich.

The $8,4 million costume budget alone would finance several independent movies. Production designer Peter Lamont copied the real Titanic down to the exact shade of green on the chairs in the smoking lounge. The sumptuous sets have made-to-order replicas of the china, the stained-glass windows - and since all of it was going to be destroyed, nothing could be rented. "To the best of our knowledge, there was no violation of historical truth", says Cameron. "We have a great responsibility. Whatever we make, will become the truth, the visual reality that a generation will accept", says Cameron.

The special effects are in the service of the story. In the 80-minute sinking of the ship, you don't wonder what's real and what's computer-generated. What you feel is the horror of the experience, the depths of the folly that left this "unsinkable" ship so vulnerable to disaster. While the women and children are loaded into lifeboats (there were only enough for half the 2,200 passengers), the third-class passengers are locked.

Cameron makes terrifying poetry out of chaos with images of the ship breaking in half, the deck rising perpendicular to the water as passengers bounce off the ships's giant propellers into the freezing ocean.

But it is the love between the unhappy Rose and the sanguine, openhearted Jack that occupies stage center. Is it the great love story Cameron so desperately wanted to make? Not quite. Visually, his lovers are an odd match: next to DiCaprio's boyish beauty, Kate Winslet looks womanly. And once the disaster strikes, their individual fates become overwhelmed by the communal horror. Our hearts, at least, couldn't but break once these lovestruck kids were surrounded by floating frozen corpses.

Повністю

Твір з англійської:Television/телебачення

It is almost impossible to imagine our life without TV. It plays a great and a very important role in the life of modern man. There is practically no family that doesn't have a TV set. TV is one of the mass media kinds. Radio and newspapers tell us about different events but TV not only tells but also shows. TV has a lot of channels and everybody can watch the programs he likes. Our television suggests various programs: talk show and game show, news and sporting events, about animals and about foreign countries and so on. Soaps-lovers can watch their favorite films almost every day. TV shows us a lot of films of different countries: detective and melodrama, comedy and triller. As former I like to see adventure films, fantasy, comedies. My favorite sporting events programs are about volleyball, swimming, track-and-field athletics and gymnastic. I watch many programs with great interest. These programs are: a wild nature program, "Anshlag", some game shows and so on. There are a lot of films (most of them of foreign TV-companies) with a great number of corpses, with seas of blood now. It's not very good to my mind. I think that one of the aims of TV is to bring up TV-viewers, to cultivate love to our country, kindness and other positive features of character.

Повністю

Твір з англійської:Street Art/Вуличне мистецтво

New Yorkers used to see the graffiti on the walls of poor neighbourhoods and subway trains as something menacing and an example of urban decay. The scrawled names and slogans were seen as unsightly and aggressive, the work of vandals seeking to express their identities or even make a political point. Up to the 1970s, most New Yorkers hated graffiti, considering it as an eyesore that was illegal and punishable by fines.

Since those days, graffiti has changed a lot and it is no longer found only in the subway and the poor ghetto areas of the city. Nowadays, it has the status of 'street art' and you get graffiti in places where you wouldn't expect to - in advertisements, on clothes, on toys, and even on the Wall Street Journal's official website! In the early 1980s, there was a real craze for graffiti art and the sophisticated Manhattan art world had displays of street art in its galleries. The trend was short-lived - until the arrival of hip-hop music in the late 80s.

In her book, Subway Art, Martha Cooper says "Graffiti came back with hip-hop music and people are now appreciating it for its style, which they couldn't back then, because they couldn't get beyond the vandalism thing." Hip-hop was originally black ghetto music, sung by young African Americans from the poor, run-down districts of American cities. When it suddenly got to the top of the American music charts, hip-hop culture was spread, bringing graffiti with it.

Today companies are starting to realise the appeal of graffiti in advertising. Kel Rodriguez, who used to spray New York subway trains, was the artist chosen to design the Wall Street Journal's website and it is obviously done in graffiti-style. "Some of that graffiti feeling, that energy, sort of got in there," Rodriguez explained. Many of this new wave of artists give lectures on developments in their art. Lee Quindnesis having a lot of success in Europe and feels that European galleries and museums are more open to his art form. "They want to support an artist as he develops," comments Quinones, who can get up to $10,000 for his paintings. Indeed, the Groninger Museum in Holland is one of the few museums in the world that displays and recognizes graffiti as an art form.

Another artist, Blade, has his own website devoted only to the world of graffiti. This website has a 'merchandise page' where Blade sells things with his own original designs all over the world - everything from baseball caps to yo-yos! Leonard McGurr, a street artist for 25 years, went from painting subway trains to designing and marketing graffiti-inspired clothes for young people. "Graffiti has been a story of survival," he says. "There's a way to benefit from your work without spoiling public property."

Повністю

Твір з англійської:Pushkin and Our Time/Пушкін в наш час

It would be a platitude to say that A. S. Pushkin is the greatest Russian poet. But I hope no-one is challenging the view that he occupies an outstanding place in Russian literature and culture.

Every summer in June, thousands of people visit the Pskov land. They come here to the village of Mikhailovskoye to the wonderful festival of poetry, to see the places where he lived and worked.

Pushkin is always alive for us, he is the man we all know and love, the greatest of poets. Generations come and go, but Pushkin still remains. We are all grateful to Pushkin for each line of his works. Pushkin is not only a great poet for us. He is the perfect man combining brilliant talent with civil courage and moral integrity. His name is associated with our love for the Motherland, and the best in our life.

Hundreds of new concepts, hundreds of new words have appeared in the language in the years that have passed since his death, but not a single word of his poetry has become obsolete. The old forms of life went into the past, but everything written by Pushkin continues to live. It has not become something of the past, it does not need any corrections and hardly needs commentary. His feelings and his views still correspond to our own feelings and views.

We admire the great world of Pushkin's poetry as a whole, each of us finding some special lines for himself, lines showing Pushkin's great and generous heart, his sympathy and respect for his people. Whatever Pushkin's work we see portrayal of Russian life, the Russian intellect, the Russian soul, the life of the Russian land in all epochs, the Russian people. The reader cannot imagine his inner world without him.

Повністю

Твір з англійської:Portrait Painting/Портретний живопис

The topic presented to you today is entitled "Portrait Painting". In my speech I am to dwell upon the following points:
- Firstly, I am to give the definition of portrait painting;
- Secondly, I would like to name kinds of portraits;
- Thirdly, I would like to speak about one of the most outstanding portraitists of Russia – Valentin Serov;
- Then, I am to give some information about British artist William Hogarth;
- After that, I would like to speak about an American portraitist Mary Cassat;
- Finally, I am to draw a conclusion expressing my opinion.

By way of introduction, I would like to say that there are a lot of different genres of paintings, all of which reflect different aspects of our life as well the inner world of the painter in the manner specific only to him. Thus, some impress our imagination with charming beauty of nature, others amaze us with realistic scenes of our daily life; some find inspiration in the beauty of human body, others in the wildness and stillness of the sea.

Portrait painting obviously stands out in this list. Portrait painting is a genre where the visual appearance of the subject, most often a person, is depicted. There are several kinds of portraits: if an artist portrays himself the result is called a self-portrait: portraits can also be full-body, half-length or head and shoulders, family or group, ceremonial or intimate. However no matter what kind of portrait an artist paints, it should always convey something more than just appearance, it should contain some specific features, some tiny details that make a person portrayed unique and inimitable. The expression of the eyes, a barely noticeable shade of emotion – everything should be reflected by the painter. Such mastery can be observed in the works of the three outstanding painters from Russia, America and Great Britain.

I would like to start with a great Russian painter Valentin Serov. He is known for his particular concentrating on spontaneity of perception of human and nature. In the development of light and colour, the complex harmony of reflections and the sense of atmospheric saturation Serov manifested features of early Russian impressionism. His most famous portraits are "The Girl with Peaches" and "The Girl Covered by the Sun" perfectly illustrating his unique manner.

As for William Hogarth, the celebrated British artist, he depicted mostly his friends or men of similar background and each time his portraits were full with freshness and realism. So with his method he was inimitable in such works as "Captain Coram" and "The Graham Children".

Another outstanding portraitist is Mary Cassat, a well-known American artist who embraced the technique of the impressionists while developing a highly individual style. Portrayals of mothers and children became her theme, for example "The Mirror" with its oblique views and simple forms.

In conclusion, I would like to say that portrait painting is a unique genre, allowing not only to appreciate the appearance of the motionless person portrayed, but to feel his mood and try to trace some features and traits of his character with the help of every detail painted by the artist.

Повністю

Твір з англійської:Photography/фотозйомка

Photography is very popular today, but there is a question, if it is art or nor. Let's discuss it.

Some people think that it is art, others that it is separate branch. On the one hand, photography and art are closely connected. Many painters used photographs in their works. Also, photography and painting have the same aim: People use them to document the life to show the world, the way painter or photographer see it. On the other hand, photography is the modern science. It is different from art, because it mostly documents the events and the world. Photographers can't transfer their thoughts and imagination to the photographs, and painters can do it, they can create their own world.

As for me, I think that photography can be considered as the part of the art. Of course, it is a new way of transferring artist's imagination, but it is still art, and it is closely connected with it. They have the same aims, they just realize it in different ways.

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Твір з англійської:Painting/Картина

Painting is direct application of pigment to a surface to produce by tones of color or of light and dark some representation or decorative arrangement of natural or imagined forms.

Materials and Techniques

Painters use a number of materials to produce the effects they need. These include the materials of the surface, or ground; the pigments employed; the binder, or medium, in which the color is mixed; and its diluting agent. Among the various media used by artists are fresco , watercolor , oil, distemper, gouache, tempera , and encaustic . In addition to these, painting properly embraces many other techniques ordinarily associated with drawing , a term that is often used to refer to the linear aspects of the same art. If painting and drawing are not always clearly distinguishable from each other, both are to be distinguished from the print (or work of graphic art), in which the design is not produced directly but is transferred from another surface to that which it decorates. While the print may be one of many identical works, the painting or drawing is always unique. Painting has been freely combined with many other arts, including sculpture, architecture, and, in the modern era, photography.

History

In ancient Greece and medieval Europe most buildings and sculptures were painted; nearly all of the ancient decoration has been lost, but some works from Egypt have preserved their coloring and give us an insight into the importance such an art can assume. The art of painting in China was linked from the 1st cent. AD with the development of the Buddhist faith. Early Christian and then Byzantine artists established iconographic and stylistic prototypes in wall painting and manuscript illumination that remained the basis for Christian art (see iconography ).

Highly spiritualized in concept, the medieval painting tradition gave way to a more worldly orientation with the development of Renaissance art. The murals of Giotto became a vehicle for the expression of new and living ideas and sentiments. At the height of the Renaissance a large proportion of the works were decorations of walls and altarpieces, which were necessarily conceived in terms of their part in a larger decorative whole and their appeal for a large public. The greatest masterpieces of Raphael and Michelangelo and of the Florentine masters are generally public works of this character. The same period also saw the rise of the separate easel painting and the first use of oil on canvas. Simultaneously are found the beginnings of genre and other secular themes and the elaboration of portraiture .

Basing their art on the technical contributions of the Renaissance, e.g., the study of perspective and anatomy, the baroque masters added a virtuosity of execution and a style of unparalleled drama. From the age of the rococo, painting tended in the direction of greater intimacy. It is noteworthy, for example, that many of the masterpieces of the 19th cent., and particularly of impressionism , are small easel paintings suitable for the private home. The same period saw the rise of the large public gallery with both temporary and permanent exhibitions, an institution greatly expanded in the 20th cent.

A reawakened interest in mural painting and the contributions of painting to such arts as the motion picture and video have led some to believe that a return to a greater emphasis on the public functions of the art is taking place. Such a view can find support in the notable influence of abstract painting in the fields of industrial and architectural design. This art also continues to enjoy undiminished popularity in the home and gallery. Painting has had a long and glorious world history as an independent art. From Giotto to Picasso and from Ma Yuan to Hokusai , painting has never ceased to produce great exponents who have expressed not merely the taste but the aspirations, the concepts of space, form, and color, and the philosophy of their respective periods.

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Твір з англійської:Oscar/Оскар

It is well-known that Oscars are awarded by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is a professional honorary organization composed of over 6,000 motion picture artists and craftsmen and women. The Academy was organized in May, 1927, as a nonprofit corporation chartered under the laws of California.

A popular story has been that an Academy librarian and eventual executive director, Margaret Herrick, thought the statuette resembled her Uncle Oscar and said so, and that as a result the Academy staff began referring to it as Oscar. No hard evidence exists to support that tale, but in any case, by the sixth Awards Presentation in 1934, Hollywood columnist Sidney Skolsky used the name in his column in reference to Katharine Hepburn's first Best Actress win. The Academy itself didn't use the nickname officially until 1939.

The Oscar is a tin and copper statuette of a naked man holding a sword and standing on a reel of film. The award weighs 8 1/2 pounds and is plated with gold. Since the list of winners is kept secret until the telecast, the awards handed out on television are blanks. The Academy reclaims the statuettes the morning after the telecast and has them engraved before they are shipped back to the anxious recipients. The personalized engraving is on a small plaque attached to the pedestal on which Oscar stands. The engraving includes the year, the award category and the name of the recipient. Each statuette is also engraved with a serial number on the back of its base.

Since its conception, the Oscar statuette has met exacting uniform standards - with a few notable exceptions. In the 1930s, juvenile players received miniature replicas of the statuette; ventriloquist Edgar Bergen was presented with a wooden statuette with a moveable mouth; and Walt Disney was honored with one full-size and seven miniature statuettes on behalf of his animated feature Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Between 1942 and 1944, in support of the war effort, Oscars were made of plaster. After the War, winners turned in the temporary awards for golden Oscar statuettes.

Watching the Oscar telecast has become the equivalent of a secular religious experience for many. The Oscars occur every year at the same time and there are strict rules and regulations and hundreds of commandments. The Oscar itself has become a sacred icon within the industry.

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Твір з англійської:Music is my life/Музика це моя життя

I love music, I think people can not live without it. The first thing I do in the morning I switch on my tape — recorder.We can hear music everywhere: in the streets, in the shops, on TV, over the radio, in the cars, in the parks, everywhere. I think it's really doesn't matter what kind of music you prefer: rock, pop, classical, jazz. A lot of people are fond of music. They buy tapes, go to the concerts, visit Concert Halls and Opera Theatres.

I enjoy listening music because it reflects my moods and emotions. Very often when I'm blue, I play my favourite merry songs and feel much better.Sometimes I attend music halls and the concerts, when popular groups and singers are there. I like watching music programs on TV. I like to know more and more about popular talented groups and singers I like.One wall of my room is covered with posters of "Bon Jovi", "Scorpions", "Roxette", Russian singers Agutin, Sjutkin, Linda and others. Some people go to musics schools, they play different musical instruments, sing in the chorus, try to compose music.Unfortunately there are so many ungifted singers on the stages, that it makes me sad.

To have a good producer doesn't mean to have good ears and voice. I think that only talented people can claim to be singers.

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Твір з англійської:Music in Our Life/Музика в нашому житті

People cannot live without music. They listen to music, dance to music or learn to play musical instruments. There is music everywhere: at home, in a concert hall, in the park, at the seaside, in the forest and even in the street.

Music is not only a combination of pleasant sounds. It is an art which reflects life. Music reflects people's ideas and emotions. In this world of ours, filled with conflicts, tragedies, joys and hopes, music strives to speak to people of what is most important, urgent and poignant.

Music in the lives of different people is different: some compose music, others play music, and others only listen to it. A lot of people who cannot play any musical instrument love to listen to music either at home or at a con-cert. Different people like different kinds of music. You may prefer pop or rock music, country or folk music, classical music or jazz, but you certainly cannot think of a day without music.

As for me, I prefer ... music. I have a lot of cassettes (CDs, records). I try to watch all the programmes dealing with it on TV and to go to the concerts as often as possible. My favourite composer (singer, musician) is... I think he (she) is very talented. I can (not) play an instrument (the piano, the guitar, the violin). It is a great pleasure to be able to play an instrument and I like it a lot.

ПЕРЕКЛАД 

Люди не можуть жити без музики. Вони слухають музику, потанцювують під музику або вчаться грати на музичних інструментах. Існує музика всюди: вдома, в концертному залі, в парку, на березі моря, в лісі і навіть на вулиці.

Музика не тільки поєднання приємних звуків. Це мистецтво, яке відображає життя. Музика відображає ідеї та емоції людей. У нашому світі,який наповнений  конфліктами, трагедіями, радощами і надіями, музика прагне говорити людям те, що є найбільш важливим, актуальним і гострим.

Музика в житті різних людей - різна: деякі складають музику, інші грають музику,  інші тільки слухають її. Багато людей, які не можуть грати на музичному інструменті люблять слухати музику вдома або на концертах. Різні люди, як різні види музики. Ви можете віддати перевагу поп чи рок-музиці, кантрі або народну музику, класичну музику або джаз, але ви, звичайно, не можу думати про день без музики.

Як на мене, я віддаю перевагу (поп) музиці. У мене є багато касет (CD, пластинки). Я намагаюся дивитися всі програми, пов'язані з цим по телевізору і йти на концерти так часто, як це можливо. Мій улюблений композитор (співак, музикант) це (Адам Левайн) Я думаю, що він (вона) дуже талановитий. Я можу (не) грати на музичному інструменті (фортепіано, гітара, скрипка). Це велике задоволення, щоб мати можливість грати на музичному інструменті, і я це дуже подобається. 

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Твір з англійської:Music/Музика

Can you think of a day without music? We can hear music everywhere: in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks. People all over the world are fond of music. They listen to music, they dance to music, they learn to play musical instruments.

But what is music? Specialists explain that music isn't only a combination of pleasant sounds. It is an art which reflects life. There are a lot of different kinds of music. Some of them appeared long ago, and some are modern. For example, folk music appeared long ago, but it is still alive. There are many local performers, choirs and folk groups in Russia; but perhaps the most famous singer is Nadezhda Babkina. Folk songs are very tuneful and pleasant to listen to. Classical music is often associated with the music of the past. However, this style also includes music being written now, and we may speak of modern classical music. Rap is a modern musical style where the singer speaks or shouts the words in time to music with a steady beat. Such groups as Public Enemy or House of Pain are leaders in this style.

Great Britain has produced more popular music stars than any other country. Over the last 30 years rock and pop music have been very popular in Britain. The Beatles, with their style of singing, eloquent and exciting, is still one of the most popular groups. British groups often set new trends in music. New styles, groups and singers continue to appear. Some of the more recent pop groups are Dire Straits, Eurhythmics and Spice Girls. Many of the new bands have been able to use the changes in technology to develop their music. Computerized drum machines, synthesizers and other electronic instruments are now just as popular as the piano and electric guitars.

Tastes differ. So people's musical interests range from pop and rock music, which are extremely popular nowadays, especially among young people, to classical music and opera.

My favourite style of music is pop music, because it is breathtaking and full of energy. When I listen to pop music it makes me remember happy times and forget the problems of everyday life. It helps me to relax when I'm tired, and entertains me when I'd like to have fun. My favourite group is Abba. It was formed in 1973 in Sweden. Abba's cheerful tunes made them international pop stars and one of the most successful groups of the seventies. Their most famous songs ("Waterloo", "Money, Money, Money", "Knowing Me, Knowing You", etc.) often topped European charts. Though the group doesn't exist any more, it is still popular with people of all ages. I can't but admire their style of singing. I find it fascinating and overwhelming. When I have free time I listen to their records. I also like having background music while I am working.

I don't mind listening to dance music, especially when I go to disco clubs. This style of music is catchy and I like catchy tunes. It makes me more energetic.

It's a pity that many young people like to listen only to modern music. As for me, I also enjoy listening to classical music. I find it tuneful and appealing. Classical music is always a complex of emotions. It gives me delight, pleasure and a sense of happiness. Some pieces of classical music are really wonderful. Not long ago I listened to the First Piano Concerto, composed by Tchaikovsky. The power of his music captivated me. The impression was overwhelming.

The music I hate is heavy metal. I find it noisy and dreadful. When I listen to this style of music it presents to my mind pictures of dark days. Though some young people are fond of this style of music, it is not to everyone's taste. To my mind, music too loud can destroy our ears. I am indifferent to other styles of music. For example, I don't mind listening to jazz. Improvisation is an important part of this style, that's why a jazz song may sound a little different each time it is played. I think that jazz is a mixture of many different kinds of music, but I consider it a bit complicated.

My mother and father approve of my tastes in music. Though they prefer to listen to classical and "bard music", they think that, on the whole, modern music is not too bad. My parents agree that each generation has its own tastes.

It goes without saying that music plays a very important role in people's lives. It reflects our moods and emotions. Music appeals to our hearts and transforms our feelings. It conquers our souls and enriches our minds. Besides, listening to music is the perfect way to spend free time and not to feel bored. You can hardly find a person who doesn't like or need music and who never sings or dances. Music is beauty in sounds; it is our magic source of inspiration.

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Твір з англійської:Museums and art galleries of London/Музеї та художні галереї Лондона

London is very rich in museums and art galleries.If you are fond of painting you'll go to the Tate Gallery. A rich sugar manufacturer Henry Tate founded it in 1897. There are about 300 oils and 19000 watercolours and drawings. There are many works by the English painter William Turner there. Most of his paintings are connected with the sea theme. There are a lot of paintings by the 16-th century English artists and paintings by foreign artists of the 19-20-th centuries. There are some paintings by impressionists there. You can see works by modern painters: Pablo Picasso among them. There are many interesting sculptures there. Henry Moor's can be seen there. He was a famous British sculptor. The National Gallery is one of the most important picture galleries in the world. The Tate Gallery is the most necessary compliment to the National Gallery as it contains contemporary works particularly by English and French masters.

The British Museum is the largest and richest of its kind in the world. It comprises the national museum of archaeology and ethnography and the national library. The present building was built in 1852. By law a copy of every book, periodical and newspaper, published in Britain must be presented in the British museum. It contains books and manuscripts: Greek, Roman, British and Oriental antiques. It has a department of Ethnography. This collection is so vast that only a very small percentage of it is on show to the public. There's also a department of prints and drawings. There're departments devoted to maps, coins, medals and philately. Those who come to the British museum can see a fascinating array of clocks and watches.

Cultural life of London would be impossible without the Royal Albert hall, the Royal Festival hall, the National theatre and a great number of museums: the Victoria and Albert museum, the Geological Museum, the Museum of Mankind, Natural history museum and others.

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Твір з англійської:Movies Affect People/Вплив фільмів на людей

Movies are popular because people are great watchers. They like to watch other peoples' lives. They like to live vicariously. By going to movies, we can escape our own lives, share other people's emotions, and imagine ourselves as someone else.

Many of our lives are not as adventurous or glamorous as the lives in movies. We do not battle evil all day long and then go back to our luxurious penthouse apartment. We just go to school, do our homework, eat, talk to our friends, and sleep. We need a little excitement in our lives and we find excitement at the movies.

Humans are very emotional people. We all like to cry and laugh. Fortunately, there is not much to cry about in my life so I like to go to sad movies where my heartstrings can be tugged. I also like to go to comedies so that I can laugh. I tend to cry and laugh more in a dark movie theater than I do in broad daylight.

Now I am a student, but I know someday I will be a scientist or a politician or a famous model. When I go to the movies, I can see my role models. I see how they act, what they wear, how they talk. I can prepare myself for the day when I will be like them.

Even though my life is quiet, I can go to the movies and watch someone else's life. I can share their emotions and their everyday life. I wonder if they would like to share mine.

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